In the above diagram, oxygen atoms are represented as dark blue circles. Nearly 90% of earths ozone is in the stratosphere and referred to as the ozone layer. Ozone depletion consists of two related events observed since the late 1970s. The main things that lead to destruction of the ozone gas in the ozone layer. Protection of the ozone layer climate action european commission. This is because many of these cleaning agents contain toxic chemicals that interfere with the ozone layer. This page provides links to research efforts led by organizations such as the national oceanic and atmospheric administration, the united nations environment program, an.
Learn more about the process, causes, and effects of ozone layer depletion. Jan 30, 2012 protecting the ozone layer the ozone layer must be protected. It contains high concentration of ozone o 3 in relation to other parts of the atmosphere, although still small in relation to other gases in the stratosphere. The ozone layer or ozone shield is a region of earths stratosphere that absorbs most of the suns ultraviolet radiation. Nasa provides daily images, data, and information from satellite instruments that monitor the ozone layer and the ozone hole ozone holea thinning break in the stratospheric ozone layer. Find out what caused the ozone hole, and how the 1989 montreal protocol sought to put an end to ozone depletion. The stratospheric ozone layer is earths sunscreen protecting living things from too much ultraviolet radiation from the sun. Sep 30, 2019 the ozone layer has historically protected the earth from the harmful uv rays, although in recent decades this protection has diminished due to stratospheric ozone depletion. The depletion of the ozone layer has thus resulted in the birth of a fear in everybodys minds. The original montreal protocol, signed in 1987, was the first step in international efforts to protect stratospheric ozone. Several countries have started to take measures on fgases, led by the european union. We must buy products that are labelled ozone friendly or cfc free.
The thinning is most pronounced in the polar regions, especially over antarctica. How to prevent ozone depletion and what would happen if. Avoid the purchase and use of aerosol sprays containing chlorofluorocarbons cfcs. Affordable and search from millions of royalty free images, photos and vectors. The uv intensity on the surface of the earth fluctuates from day to day and depends on where you live. Ozone layer depletion cause, effects, and solutions. The natural distribution of ozone around the earth is. The ozone layer is a natural layer of gas in the upper atmosphere which protects humans and other living things from the harmful ultraviolet uv rays of the sun. Predictions of significant increases in the incidence of skin cancer resulting from continued use of cfcs spurred international action. The ozone depletion has led to a worldwide concern as the thinning protective coat over earth is letting harmful ultraviolet light pass. The first report of depletion in o 3 layer came out in the 1980s by an atmospheric scientist in antarctica. Unlike pollution, which has many types and causes, ozone depletion has been pinned down to one major human activity. Layers of the atmospherethe atmosphere is divided into five layers.
Ozone is a natural gas and is naturally replenished over time. It was agreed on 16th september 1987, and entered into force on 1st january 1989. The ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. International day for the preservation of the ozone layer. Ozone depletion over india with so much worry about the rapid ozone depletion taking place in various parts of the earth, indian scientists are closely monitoring the ozone layer over india for possible depletion trends. Air temperatures in both polar regions reach minimum values in the lower stratosphere in the winter season. International treaties and cooperation about the protection. Global warming is caused by the greenhouse effect, which is essential to life as we know it on planet earth. The depletion of the ozone describes two closely related but distinct phenomena which have been repeatedly observed since the latter 1970s.
Apr 18, 2019 the ozone layer helps to protect life from harmful ultraviolet radiation. What are the principal steps in stratospheric ozone depletion caused by human. Low temperatures, increase in the level of chlorine and bromine gases in the upper stratosphere are some of the reasons that leads to ozone layer depletion. Causes and effects of ozone layer depletion that are. Ozone depletion would magnify all of the effects of uv on human health, both positive including production of vitamin d and negative including sunburn, skin cancer, and cataracts. These days its easy to check on the local uv index, which tells you how intense the uv radiation is in your area. Since 1995, september 16 of each year is celebrated as the international day for the preservation of the ozone layer. Scientists discovered in the 1970s that the ozone layer was being depleted. B dobson and other scientists in measuring concentrations of chloride and ozone in the atmosphere g. Ozone layer depletion causes, effects and solutions 7. This problem is being solved thanks to a global agreement to stop the use of ozone depleting chemicals that damage the ozone layer. In order to make these campaign more effective, we have gathered a list of 32 ozone layer slogans.
Let us all take a step ahead and save the ozone layer. The ozone layer is a belt of naturally occurring ozone gas that sits 9. When this breakdown of the ozone layer occurs, the earth stands more vulnerable as it. Ec 10052009 contains a number of measures to ensure a higher level of. In your ozone layer term paper, consider how greenhouse gases contribute to the deletion of the ozone layer and promulgate global warming. It is thickestnear the surface and thins out with height until iteventually merges with space. In 1987, 56 countries agreed under what became known as the montreal protocol to cut cfc production. Substances and other measures ozone layer protection law on the basis of the international framework for regulating.
If the ozone layer is depleted by human action, the effects on the planet could be catastrophic. But many researchers do not agree with these predictions,14 and express their. With more uv radiation reaching the earth surface due to ozone depletion. The world meteorological or ganization wmo, 1995 predicted that the depletion of the ozone layer peaked around 1998 and the layer would slowly recover by 2045 12. Due to this, it is also taking a toll on our health and the environment. Case study depletion of ozone in the atmosphere the work of g. Ozone layer depletion causes increased uv radiation levels at the earths surface, which is damaging to human health. But the one and the most important reason for ozone layer depletion is the. However, various factors have led to the depletion and damage of this protective layer. The ozone layer and its depletion linkedin slideshare. The latter phenomenon is referred to as the ozone hole. Although ozone o3 is present in small concentrations throughout the atmosphere, most ozone about 90% exists in the stratosphere, in a layer between 10 and 50 km above the surface.
Chlorofluorocarbons or the cfc are the main cause of ozone layer depletion. But now scientists are concerned that the substances used to replace these ozone depleting chemicals are. Formation and depletion effect of the montreal protocol on stratospheric cl sunlight incident on earth is very roughly. People ask if we cannot produce our own ozone gas to replenish what is lost in the stratosphere. In this picture we are seeing how the ozone layer is destroyed and the effects of that destruction. Protecting the ozone layer department of the environment. Protecting the ozone layer while also preventing climate change. Electromagnetic energy coming from the sun is absorbed by the earth, which. This, in turn, will lead to the breakdown of ozone. Negative effects include increases in certain types of skin cancers, eye cataracts and immune deficiency disorders. This problem is being solved thanks to a global agreement to stop the use of ozonedepleting chemicals that damage the ozone layer. It is very essential as it prevents nearly 99% o f the uv. Ozone layer depletion is simply the wearing out reduction of the amount of ozone in the stratosphere.
Ozone layer is depleting and we must ban the use of substances that are depleting ozone layer. Researchers found evidence that linked the depletion of the ozone layer to the. Depletion of stratospheric ozone o3, as commonly known as the hole in the ozone layer, is an issue of international concern. The ozone layer depletion is a major concern and is associated with a number of factors. Ozone layer depletion is one of the major environmental issues which is getting thinner day by day as a. What is important to keep in mind is the fact that prevention of ozone layer depletion is so very important because it directly affects the well being of the people.
Global warming and ozone layer depletion are two different problems see the sidebar misconceptions about global atmospheric change on page 95. The main causes responsible for the depletion of the ozone layer are listed below. The ozone layer protects the earth from the ultraviolet rays sent down by the sun. It is a hole that allows the entry of large amounts of ultraviolent light and it is located at the poles, on the.
By knowing the statistics about ozone layer depletion, we can keep working hard at restoring our planet so that it is available for future generations to enjoy. The montreal protocol is an international treaty designed to protect the ozone layer by phasing out the production of numerous substances that are responsible for ozone depletion. Ozone is a molecule composed of three oxygen atoms and it is present in a gaseous form in the atmosphere, specifically located in and. Ozone depletion is the process of destruction of the ozone layer which can cause adverse effects on the living forms by many pollutants releases out from the vehicles, industries etc. Sep 16, 2011 awareness is the first step to begin protecting our damaged ozone layer. This means if we can do something to balance the natural production with its depletion, there should not be a problem. Ozone depletion and climate change environment canada. Nov 19, 2019 forty years ago, scientists warned that a hole in the layer of ozone surrounding the earth could have serious effects on human health and the environment. Those emitted by human activities are also called ozonedepleting substances odss. Therefore many governments are taking measures to prevent ozone depletion. There are many simple ways to save our ozone layer.
There are also springtime polar tropospheric ozone depletion. The atmosphere is mostly transparent to the visible except for scatter. Today is international day for the preservation of the ozone layer. Ozone layer research and technical resources us epa. Industries that manufacture things like insulating foams, solvents, soaps, cooling things like air conditioners. But now scientists are concerned that the substances used to replace these ozonedepleting chemicals are. Hence, cfcs are transporting agents that are responsible for damaging the ozone layer. Under the original montreal protocol agreement 1987, developed countries were required to begin phasing out cfcs in 1993 and achieve a 20% reduction relative to 1986 consumption levels by 1994 and a 50% reduction by 1998. The ozone layer forms a most important part of the earths stratosphere as it can absorb most of the uv radiation and prevent it from reaching the surface of the earth. Access information on research and technical resources related to ozone layer science. What we all need to understand is the idea that we all are going to have to face the repercussions of ozone layer depletion. Forty years ago, scientists warned that a hole in the layer of ozone surrounding the earth could have serious effects on human health and the environment. Usage of ecofriendly and natural cleaning products for household chores is a great way to prevent ozone depletion.
Mar 21, 2020 ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earth s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. Average daily minimum values over antarctica are as low as. Stratospheric ozone o3 is produced by the combination of an oxygen atom o with an oxygen molecule o2. Uv radiation also affects terrestrial and aquatic ecosystems, altering growth, food chains and biochemical cycles. As a result, there has been a general thinning of the ozone layer over most of the globe, including between five to nine per cent depletion over australia since the 1960s. Ozone layer research papers on the depletion of the the.
Avoid the use of fire extinguishers with halogenated hidrocarbon, a substance being very aggressive to the ozone layer. Ozone layer ozone layer research papers discuss the depletion of the the ozone layer in the atmosphere. This date has been designed as such by the united nations general assembly in order to commemorate the signing of the montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer. Companies around the world invested in unprecedented research and development to find ways to eliminate the use of ozonedepleting substances. Ozone layer protection environmental protection department. Ozone layer the ozone layer is basically naturally occurring gas in the region of stratosphere where ozone particles are accumulated 2. Ozone depletion, gradual thinning of earth s ozone layer in the upper atmosphere caused by the release of chemical compounds containing gaseous chlorine or bromine from industry and other human activities. The main reasons of this depletion are the release of organohalogen compounds like chlorofluorocarbons and bromofluorocarbons.
Causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on human. Presentation on ozone depletion linkedin slideshare. Ozone absorbs a band of ultraviolet radiation called uvb. This is apparently found in the lowest region of the stratosphere. The thinning of the ozone layer has increased the risk that australians already face from overexposure to. The ozone layer is responsible for absorbing harmful ultraviolet rays, and preventing them from entering the earths atmosphere. How to prevent ozone depletion and what would happen if we. The ozone layer contains less than 10 parts per million of ozone, while the average ozone concentration in earths. The ozone layer has been identified in term papers as important in the overall spectrum of the atmosphere.
Montreal protocol on substances that deplete the ozone layer protocol to the vienna convention for the protection of the ozone layer pdf 736kb plain language summary the montreal protocol is the international agreement that ensures the protection of the earths ozone layer through the global phaseout of ozonedepleting substances ods. Evidence of ozone depletion in the stratosphere began to appear in the 1980s. But there are important absorbing species in the uv and nir that filters the sunlight and warms the. The danger and prevention of ozone layer depletion. Designation of amount of such depletion as an ozone hole is made when the. Ozone depletion is largely a result of manmade substances. This study also presents some protective measures for preventing further. B dobson inferred correctly that the cause of the warm stratosphere was heating by the absorption of ultraviolet solar radiation by ozone, and he set out to. The stratospheric ozone depletion process begins with the emission of halogen source gases by human activities and natural processes. Certain compounds such as chlorofluorocarbons, cfcs, are released into the atmosphere by human activities, and these cfcs particularly, they are very, very unreactive at the atmospherical ground level and they go all the way up to the stratosphere and then. Pdf causes of ozone layer depletion and its effects on. In addition, increased surface uv leads to increased tropospheric ozone, which is a health risk to humans. In order to create awareness among people regarding the need of ozone layer for our survival, campaigns are being run all over the world. Layers of the atmosphere 45the suns utraviolet rays 68the ozone layer 9 3 4.
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